Attachment styles refer to the patterns of emotional and behavioral responses individuals develop in relationships, based on their early experiences with caregivers. Research in this area focuses on how these attachment styles impact individuals' future relationships, behavior, and mental health. There are four main attachment styles: secure, anxious-preoccupied, dismissive-avoidant, and fearful-avoidant. Studies have shown that individuals with different attachment styles may have varying levels of trust, intimacy, and security in their relationships, as well as different coping strategies for dealing with stress and conflict. Overall, research on attachment styles helps to understand how early experiences influence adult relationships and emotional well-being.